Battery Charger and Rechargeable Batteries

The main Types of Rechargeable Batteries are NiCd - Lead Acid - NiMH - Lithium ion. The Gel Lead Acid Battery is Termed Maintenance Free and may have to be treated differently for charging.

List of battery sizes - Wikipedia

4.5-Volt, D, C, AA, AAA, AAAA, A23, 9-Volt, CR2032 and LR44 batteries.

Battery Charger Circuits and Resources

• Solar charger for lead-acid batteries
• 12 Volt Gel Cell Charger
• Temperature Controlled NiCd Charger
• Battery charger 150-1700 mAh with PIC16F876
• Rechargeable Batteries and Chargers
• Typical Rechargeable Flashlight Schematics
• MAX846A Cost-Saving, Multichemistry, Battery Charge Chip
• LM3622 - Lithium-Ion Battery Charger Controller
• TI - Quick Search Selection Tool - Battery Chargers

Learn Electrical Engineering or EE Tutorials

High School Electricity Tutors in French

These are excellent Java Applets to Teach Physics and Electricity for Young Students. Translate it easily using the Google Toolbar. Some good ones are Wheatstone Bridge, RLC circuit under sinusoidal, Moving coil galvanometer and Electrodynamic wattmeter.
Physics and Simulation

EE Tutorials Online Sydney University

Tutorial covers Introduction to PC, Matlab Tutorial, Science & Technology. Introduction to the Oscilloscope and other good tutors are here.
School of Electrical and Information Engineering at Sydney University

Basic Electrical Concepts Tutor

Tutorial from the pages of E. J. Mastascusa Professor of Electrical Engineering at Bucknell University. Here Electrical Elements, Digital Signals and Logic, Time/Frequency and Measurements are covered.
Electrical Engineering Lessons Start Page

DC/AC Circuits Reference

These pages are excellent Learning pages for the EE/Science student. Pages on Mathematics too at Physics/Math References by Lewis A. Riley - Ursinus College.
Lew Riley : Physics/Math References

Circuit Basics Quick Reference

Circuit Elements, Circuit Analysis Methods, System Behavior and Sample Problems. This "Things you should know" page is also like a Quick Reference Card for electronics study. Learning itself is a wealth, and only studying with enthusiasm, assimilates knowledge. These pages from American Institutions are a beacon for students and teachers in many other countries. Erik Cheever Engineering Department Swarthmore College.
What You Should Know

EE Demos on Circuit Behavior

These are interactive demonstrations of basic circuit concepts. Learning is easy with Edutainment. It also leaves a lasting memory of fundamental theory rules & laws. Good designs are possible only when the Book Knowledge and Practical Tinkering progress synchronously. So learn and build, over and over again, till they anneal into Productive Skills.

This is one-stop shopping for nearly anything you might want to know about electricity and magnetism. From André-Marie Ampère to Wilhelm Weber, from 600 BC to the 21st century, from one end of the World Wide Web to the other:

Mag Lab U Learning about Electricity and Magnetism

EE and Computer Online Learning - MIT

Free Online Course Materials for EE and Computers. Here are resources useful for the EE Students and Teachers. These are at MIT and they are available for all. It is a OpenCourseWare (free).

Electrical Engineering and Computer Science at MIT

Students can enhance their learning even at home after the classes using these materials. This will help you grasp what happens in the college the next day.

It is also important to keep yourself physically fit. Some jogging, swimming, cycling and light workout will even strengthen the nervous system.

I would not like to write this here, but i have to. My own experience. Do not build muscles for looks or abnormal growths. Some use hormones, over exercise and even some medicines for artificial growth. At a later age it causes lot of problems due to accelerated aging. Even athletes should refrain from these for the long term interest of their health.

RF Microwave and Wireless Data Communication

The days of Voice Communication are coming to an end. In fact it has been happening in the background all along. It is Digital Replacing Analog Everywhere. Voice is now data. In the future Voice Communication is just an App you need to buy as an option.

Whatever the struggle between technologies, The future communications will be just Broadband Wireless Devices with Voice, Data and Web all in one. The intermediate technologies we see today, the Transitional Technologies are part of a Large Learning Curve. The future may be more of Optics, WiMax and more like Any Device can do Anything. Not Convergence but more an Intermeshed Collage.

This RF is also a Tough Science and needs Authentic and Highly Skilled Engineers to design and develop the technologies for the future. The Budget of the Average consumer will be less, the appetite enormous. The Business Models complex and very challenging. The customer potential is 100% and it will work only if it is affordable and planned carefully. It is not as easy as it looks.

Read and Learn More -

Time and Frequency Circuits and Articles including frequency synthesis and conversion.Spreadsheets/ Programs to calculate pll response, phase noise under vibration, and others.Wenzel Associates Technical Library

Resources for Radio, Radar, RF, Microwave, & Wireless Engineering. Collection of links to various application notes for different RF Vendors. Links to RF equations, technical data sheets, math notes and much more. RF Cafe - Microwave & Wireless Engineering

Cellular and PCS phones, pagers and two-way radios, radio spectrum. Wireless Telecommunications FCC

"The IEEE WCET certification shows that the individual has demonstrated mastery of the internationally recognized body of wireless communication knowledge…" IEEE WCET - Wireless Communications

RF chips, white papers, FCC, a variety of specialty books on various wireless/ spread spectrum / RF areas, and a wide range of other information.Spread Spectrum Scene Online

A collection of exceptional resources that will prove useful in your spread spectrum and other wireless projects, ranging from spread spectrum & CDMA tutorials, theory, and circuit diagrams, to development tools, OEM products, and consultants. Spread Spectrum and RF Resources

More Reading

• RF RFIC Microwave Systems Tutorials
• RF DesignLine Microwave Engineering and Design
• Microwave Journal Online
• Microwaves RF design articles
• NPL - RF & Microwave

With the Wi-Fi and WiMAX becoming essential in Intranet and Internet Networks, and as new low power consumption tablets, netbooks and webbooks become commonplace; RF Microwave learning is important for designers.

It is almost like, every person is a potential user for a Handheld Computer. Which is not only a communicator but more important, News, Knowledge and Information is at his fingertips. This is an empowerment that makes a better worker, student, citizen or a businessman.

• RF and Communications Fundamentals
• RF Cafe - Microwave & Wireless Engineering
• RF Microwave Products - Keithley

Linear Circuit Design Handbook – Hank Zumbahlen

Linear Circuit Design Handbook, edited by Hank Zumbahlen (Newnes, 2008), bridges the gap between circuit component theory and practical circuit design. Effective analog circuit design requires a strong understanding of core linear devices and how they affect analog circuit design.

This book provides complete coverage of important analog devices and how to use them in designing linear circuits, and serves as a useful learning tool and reference for design engineers involved in analog and mixed-signal design.

Linear Circuit Design Handbook - Hank Zumbahlen

Chapters Include

Sensors, RF/IF Circuits, Converters. Analog Filters. Power Management and …

• Chapter 5: Fundamentals of Sampled Data Systems
• Chapter 7: Data Converter Support Circuitry
• Chapter 11: Overvoltage Effects on Analog Integrated Circuits
• Chapter 12: Printed Circuit Board (PCB) Design Issues

Function and Waveform Generators – IC

The AD5932 is a waveform generator providing a programmable frequency scan. Utilizing embedded digital processing allowing enhanced frequency control the device generates synthesized analog or digital frequency-stepped waveforms.

AD5932 - Programmable Single-Scan Waveform Generator

This product from Analog Devices is Active. Sinusoidal/triangular/square wave outputs. Output frequency up to 25 Mhz.

XR2206 - Monolithic Function Generator

The XR2206 is a monolithic function generator integrated circuit capable of producing high quality sine, square, triangle, ramp, and pulse waveforms of high-stability and accuracy. The output waveforms can be both amplitude and frequency modulated by an external voltage. Frequency of operation can be selected externally over a range of 0.01Hz to more than 1MHz.

Appears to be Active - Earlier it was not so.

XR2209 Voltage-Controlled Oscillator

The XR2209 is a monolithic voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) integrated circuit featuring excellent frequency stability and a wide tuning range. The circuit provides simultaneous triangle and squarewave outputs over a frequency range of 0.01Hz to 1MHz. It is ideally suited for FM, FSK and sweep or tone generation, as well as for phase-locked loop applications. Waveform Generation Triangle, Sawtooth, Pulse, Squarewave.

This is Available at Digikey - FUNCTION GENERATOR 16PDIP - XR2209CP-F

ICL8038 Precision Waveform Generator/Voltage Controlled Oscillator

The ICL8038 waveform generator is a monolithic integrated circuit capable of producing high accuracy sine, square, triangular, sawtooth and pulse waveforms with a minimum of external components. The frequency (or repetition rate) can be selected externally from 0.001Hz to more than 300kHz using either resistors or capacitors, and frequency modulation and sweeping can be accomplished with an external voltage.

delabs Notes

This was one of my favorite chips. This is of educational value. It was a pioneer chip a mixed cmos device. Make it a point to read the Datasheet. Chip may have been invented 1980 around. This is study material for college.

It is not available in stores. Some EE Engineer or Ham-DIY Enthusiast may have a few. Borrow and try it out for learning. If you blow the chip, try saying sorry.

Advanced Students can try configuring it in a Programmable Mixed Chip EDA tool plugin, if someone has developed that. Try taking a draft output on a semiconductor laser nano-milling prototype printer with a built in Mems pico-doper. If that works, lets go foundry!

• Function Generator using XR-2206
• Function-Generator at EEMetric

Didactic Tech Training - SystemTechnik Germany

Here are some Training Boards with Teaching Software for electrical engineering and electronics. They also cover Mechatronic systems, Automation and Embedded Electronics.

hps SystemTechnik - didactic concepts

These are useful for vocational training, academic education and Introduction for Beginners. The PC is required for this Training Material and Boards.

These are based on Practical Learning or "Didactic concepts" which means - Experiential learning, that expands to things like Factory or Field Visits, Build with Kits and Boards, Hands on Workshop sessions, Environment of the Science or Technology recreated or simulated in Interactive 3D. Objects, samples and Material that the learner can apply his senses on and perceive. Real Life Project or Problem he can tackle by applying his skills.

The best is of course, Apprentice Learning which has been there for centuries. In the ancient days if the father was a Blacksmith, the son would inherit his skills and job. This was because of unconscious Didactic Training the father gave to the son.

Show above is a Multifunction Display Board - Type 2156 which has visualization of text, graphic and images. Inputs and Outputs with safety connectors and is programmable.